It was founded by Abu Musab al-Zarqawi in 1999 and gained global prominence in 2014, when it drove Iraqi security forces out of key cities during the Anbar campaign, which was followed by its capture of Mosul and the Sinjar massacre. The Islamic State ( IS official name since June 2014 ), at times known as the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant ( ISIL / ˈ aɪ s ɪ l/) or the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ( ISIS / ˈ aɪ s ɪ s/) and also referred to by its Arabic-language acronym Daesh ( داعش, Dāʿish, IPA: ), is an Islamist militant jihadist group and former unrecognized quasi-state that follows a Salafi jihadist doctrine based on the Sunni branch of Islam. Jihadist extremism in the United States.Liwa Assad Allah al-Ghalib fi al-Iraq wa al-Sham. Al-Nusra Front ( Tahrir al-Sham since 2017 ).Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (until 2021).
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